The Impact of Multidimensional Poverty and Inequality in Income Distribution in Migration Flows, 1991, 2000 and 2010: A Spatial Approach for Brazilian Municipalities

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of migratory flows in municipalities and the impact of poverty and income inequality on the net migration rate, based on information from the Demographic Census of 1991, 2000 and 2010. For this, the spatial econometrics approach was used. The results indicated that during the whole period, there was a higher concentration of migratory flows in the state of São Paulo and in the Center-West region and lower incidence in the state of Minas Gerais and in the Northeast region. In addition, the study indicated that multidimensional poverty, income inequality, multidimensional poverty of neighboring municipalities, and inequality in the income distribution of neighboring municipalities had a negative impact on the migration rate. Given that, among the determinants studied, multidimensional poverty had the greatest impact on the individual's decision to migrate.